NameMen Gutiérrez
BirthLeon, Asturias
DeathVilla de Almagro , Ciudad Real
Misc. Notes
was tried and condemned by the Inquisition after his death, and his bones had been exhumed and burned by order of the Inquisition court.
Left the city of León to reside in the Villa de Almagro, near Ciudad Real and in the immediate vicinity of the Campo de Calatrava, headquarters of the military Orden de Calatrava.
Since the early thirteenth century, the Orden de Calatrava had been known as the protector of Spains minority groups, in particular the Jews. Following the persecutions of 1391, many of the Jewish families that were pressured into conversion to Christianity left their towns and relocated to areas near lands owned by the Orden de Calatrava such as the Villa de Almagro where Jews practices their faith openly and unhindered until the early 1480s.
Men Gutiérrez was a very wealthy and politically powerful man. In his household, he maintained many servants that he fed and cared for.25 He was remembered as being a very giving man and a person of honor.
On one occasion in 1460, the Alcalde of the villa, Ruy Núñez Eloxondo, entered the synagogue and found Gutiérrez saying prayers with other Jews. Núñez Eloxondo arrested Gutiérrez and placed him in jail. However, he was soon released through the direct intervention of don Perdo Girón, Maestre de la Orden de Calatrava.35 This particular episode illustrates the strong political influence of Men Gutiérrez. Although the Orden de Calatrava was well known for protecting religious ethnic groups from social injustice, a wealthy man such as Gutiérrez contributed economically to the military order through rents and other monetary contributions.
Gonzalo Gutiérrez, most likely born in the latter part of the 1300s, was a son of Gómez Gutiérrez and lived in the city of León in the region of Asturias.17 This particular family had come to León from "las montañas". Gonzalo Gutiérrez resided in the "mercado viexo," the old commercial district in the parish of Santa Ana where he was most likely engaged in commerce.18 His wife’s name has been identified from an Inquisition record of 1484 as Catalina Gutiérrez.19 Gonzalo, with his wife and at least one son, Men Gutiérez, left the city of León to reside in the Villa de Almagro, near Ciudad Real and in the immediate vicinity of the Campo de Calatrava, headquarters of the military Orden de Calatrava. Since the early thirteenth century, the Orden de Calatrava had been known as the protector of Spains minority groups, in particular the Jews. Following the persecutions of 1391, many of the Jewish families that were pressured into conversion to Christianity left their towns and relocated to areas near lands owned by the Orden de Calatrava such as the Villa de Almagro where Jews practices their faith openly and unhindered until the early 1480s.20
Information from the Inquisition trial of Men Gutiérrez and his wife indicates that for well over three decades people of the Villa de Almagro were well aware this couple and other members of their family openly practiced Jewish customs and ceremonies. During the same period of time there were Jews, non-converts to Christianity, who lived in the Villa de Almagro with whom the Gutiérrez family was closely associated.
Men Gutiérrez was a very wealthy and politically powerful man. In his household, he maintained many servants that he fed and cared for.25 He was remembered as being a very giving man and a person of honor. Gutiérrez and his wife had been deceased for as long as five years when their trial took place in the spring of 1485. Many witnesses came forward to give testimony about the Jewish practices of this couple, including people who had served in their household for many years. One witness, Catalina García stated that thrity-years earlier, around 1455, she had lived in the household of Men and his wife during which time she witnessed "que guardaban los sábados e vestian camisas linpias e guisaban en su casa de Men Gutierrez de comer del viernes para el sábado... y ençendían candiles limpios los viernes en la noche"26 ("that they kept the Sabbath and dressed in clean shirts and in the house of Men Gutiérrez they prepared food on Fridays for the Sabbath... and on Fridays they lit oil lamps in the evening").